Cambodia's banana industry is grappling with a considerable challenge as Fusarium fungus poses a persistent threat, leading to a 21% decline in banana exports in 2023, amounting to around 290,000 tons. Despite the El Niño phenomenon being recognized as a contributing factor, the 'Banana Fusarium attack' is identified as a major influence on this decline. Banana Fusarium Wilt, caused by a soil-borne fungus, is a longstanding issue for farmers in the region. The disease induces wilting and yellowing of banana leaves, and as it progresses, more leaves turn yellow and die, significantly impacting banana production and exports, particularly in the tropical regions of Southeast Asia.
Woo Lee, a representative of a Chinese company involved in the banana industry, emphasized that the Fusarium fungus remains a substantial concern for both producers and investors. This threat has prompted proactive measures, with the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) Secretariat launching a project to enhance Cambodia's phytosanitary system, bolstered by the expertise of Chinese specialists. The initiative began with a Phytosanitary Capacity Evaluation aimed at identifying gaps in the existing system, followed by comprehensive training courses focused on pest management techniques and advanced technologies. As Fusarium wilt continues to pose challenges, addressing this issue becomes crucial not only for sustaining banana production but also for the economic well-being of the industry and the livelihoods of those involved.